도치구문
1. only 부사구(절), 부정어의 도치
| only 부사구(절) | + | 동사 + 주어 동사 + 주어 + 본동사 be동사 + 주어 have, has, had + 주어 + 과거분사 do, does, did + 주어 + 본동사 |
| only when only before only after only by only with only recently only then |
||
| 부정어 | ||
| not not only ont until never no no sooner no longer little few hardly scarcely rarely seldom by no means on no account in no sense under no circumstances |
Ex) only when we lose our health do we know the value of it.
Ex) We don't know the value of our health until we lose it.
= Not until we lose our health do we know the value of it
2. 보어의 도치
형용사(분사) + be동사 + 주어
such + be동사 + 주어 + that ~
so + 형용사(분사) + be동사 + 주어 + that ~
Ex) Blessed are the poor in spirit.
Ex) Happy is the man who can say that he is content with his life.
Ex) Such is his greed that he wants to buy everything he sees on TV.
Ex) So honest was the boy that everyone in the village trusted him.
3. 장소부사구 도치
| 장소 부사(구) | + | 자동사(1형식 동사) | + | 주어 |
| there here up down at on in by among between from near around next to under above over |
be exist sit stand wait lie remain live stay go come be located be placed be situated |
Ex) Down came the shower in torrents.
Ex) By his side stood a beautiful girl.
Ex) In the center of the city is placed a big circus, where people gather and enjoy various entertainments.
4. 가정법의 도치
If + 주어 + 가정법동사 ~
= Were + 주어 + ~
= Should + 주어 + 본동사 ~
= Could + 주어 + 본동사 ~
= Had + 주어 + 과거분사~
= Did + 주어 + 본동사 ~
Ex) Were I a pilot, I would fly in the sky like a bird.
=If I were a pilot, I would fly in the sky like a bird.
5. 양보절의 도치
Come what may, I won't be afraid.
=Whatever may come, I won't be afraid.
Come when you may, you are welcome at my house.
=Whenever you may come, you are well come at my house.
Woman as she is, she is very young.
= Young as she is, he has lots of experience in this field.
Be it ever so humble, ther is no place like home.
= However humble it may be, there is no place like home.
6. 1, 2 형식에서 부사(구), 주격 보어, 현재 분사, 과거 분사를 강조하기 위해 문장 앞으로 보낼 경우 주어와 동사가 도치된다. 주어가 대명사일 경우에는 도치되지 않는다.
Ex) The man comes here
= Here comes the man
Ex) This painting is typical of his early work.
= Typical of his early work is this painting.
Ex) The man who was chosen chairman was killed by a sniper.
=Killed by a sniper was the man who was chosen chairman.
7. 타동사의 부사가 문두로 도치될 때
Ex) I well remember his name.
= Well do I remember his name.
8. not ~ until 구문의 강조
Ex) I didn't fall asleep until the dawn began to appear.
= Not until the dawn began to appear did I fall asleep.
= It was not until the dawn began to appear that I feel asleep.
= I fell asleep only after the dawn began to appear.
= Only after the dawn began to appear did I fall asleep.
9. no sooner ~ than 구문의 강조
Ex) She had no sooner seen hinm thatn she burst into tears
= No sooner had she seen him than she burst into tears.
= As soon as she saw him, she burst into tears.
= On seeing him, she burst into tears.